The green hydrogen technology project has passed the evaluation process and been selected to enter the grant agreement preparation stage. It involves a planned investment of up to EUR 70.7 million, including the EU funding, to industrialise the Končar Smart Power Interface (KSPI), a 2.5 MW platform designed to convert medium-voltage grid electricity into direct current (DC).

Končar Nexus Targets Electrolyser Power Conversion

The Končar Nexus project focuses on developing and industrialising technology that supports the electrical systems required for green hydrogen production. Electrolysers need stable, high-quality DC power, while conventional grid connection systems can rely on multiple components, interfaces and conversion stages.

Končar’s Smart Power Interface is designed to combine several functions within a compact, modular platform. The technology is intended primarily for electrolysers used in green hydrogen production, although it can also serve other industrial processes requiring direct current.

According to Končar, integrating traditionally separate components into a single solution is expected to reduce energy losses, simplify installation and improve the efficiency and flexibility of power systems.

The project addresses an infrastructure bottleneck in the decarbonisation of energy-intensive sectors, where efficient electricity conversion is important for industrial-scale hydrogen production and other DC-powered applications.

Modular 2.5 MW Platform Integrates Key Systems

The Končar Smart Power Module (KSPM) is a standardised 2.5 MW modular platform based on solid-state transformer technology. It integrates medium-voltage interfacing, protection, power conversion, galvanic isolation, auxiliary power supply, liquid cooling, and digital monitoring and control within a single containerised unit.

By consolidating these functions, the platform is designed to provide a more integrated approach to connecting medium-voltage electricity networks with equipment that requires direct current. Its initial intended application is green hydrogen electrolysis, but the technology’s design also allows use in other industrial processes that require DC power.

The green hydrogen technology project will industrialise the technology for production and testing, rather than focusing solely on engineering development. Its planned manufacturing capability is intended to support serial assembly and dispatch of KSPM units.

Two Zagreb-Area Sites to Support Development and Production

Končar Nexus is planned across two sites in the Zagreb area, with separate roles for engineering validation and manufacturing.

The Fallerovo site will host engineering and validation activities. Planned facilities include a validation laboratory, engineering offices and a new 110 kV substation. The substation is intended to enable full-scale system testing and industrial qualification.

The second location, in Sesvetski Kraljevec, is planned as a greenfield production site. It will be developed for serial assembly, testing and dispatch of KSPM units.

According to the project update, the production facility is designed for a maximum output of up to 200 units annually. This planned capacity would establish a dedicated manufacturing base for the modular power technology.

EUR 70.7 Million Investment Includes EU Innovation Fund Support

The Končar Nexus project involves planned capital expenditure of up to EUR 70.7 million, with EUR 39.3 million expected from the European Commission’s Innovation Fund. The grant has not yet reached the final agreement stage, as the project has been selected to proceed with grant agreement preparation.

Končar is targeting financial closing by 31st March 2029. The system is scheduled to enter operation on 1st January 2031, according to the project update.

The funding programme supports innovative technologies intended to contribute to decarbonisation while strengthening industrial competitiveness. For Končar Nexus, the focus is on industrialising power conversion equipment that can support green hydrogen production and other industrial applications requiring direct current.

EU Innovation Fund Selects 77 Projects

In the latest funding call described in the announcement, the European Commission selected 77 projects from 23 European countries, with total funding of EUR 3.4 billion.

Končar Nexus is among the selected projects, with its proposed investment centred on power conversion technology for electrolysers and other industrial processes. The project combines engineering and validation infrastructure with a planned production facility, aiming to move the modular platform towards industrial-scale manufacturing.

The planned facilities, production capacity and funding schedule outline the next stages of development. Končar is targeting financial closing in 2029 and system operation from 2031, subject to completion of the grant agreement process and project implementation.

Published on 22nd October 2026, the preliminary draft initiates the process of amending and updating the 2025 Site Development Plan. It builds on the current draft amendment to Germany’s Offshore Wind Energy Act (WindSeeG) and addresses future offshore wind development areas, coordination with grid connections and potential cross-border projects.

Alongside the draft plan, the BSH has released a draft scoping document for the Strategic Environmental Assessment, supported by maps and additional studies. Authorities and members of the public have until 3rd December 2026 to submit comments as part of the consultation process.

Germany Identifies 14 Areas for Offshore Wind Development

The preliminary draft proposes designating 14 areas for future offshore wind projects across several planning zones. According to the German Offshore Wind Energy Association (BWO), the proposed areas include four sites in zone N-14, eight in N-16, and two additional sites identified as N-6.9 and N-12.7.

The draft also identifies 13 further sites for potential future development. These additional areas are not expected to receive formal designation during the current planning process.

BWO has welcomed the proposed site sizes of approximately 1 GW each and the BSH’s plans to carry out centralised preliminary investigations of additional sites. The association believes these measures could broaden participation in offshore wind auctions, strengthen competition and reduce planning risks.

The preliminary draft also proposes an average adjusted power density of 7.3 MW/km² for new sites in zones 4 and 5. This is below the general upper limit of 8 MW/km² advocated by BWO.

Power density determines the installed generation capacity within a given offshore area. The association supports a lower density approach to help reduce wake effects between turbines and improve electricity generation.

Cross-Border Projects Could Support Offshore Wind Generation

International cooperation is another element of Germany’s updated offshore wind planning framework. The preliminary draft allows cross-border projects to contribute towards the country’s national capacity targets.

BWO has highlighted cooperation with Denmark as an opportunity to develop offshore wind projects connected across national borders. The association referred to a joint study with the German Association of Energy and Water Industries (BDEW), which examined the relationship between turbine density, cross-border connections and electricity generation.

According to the study, lower power densities in German waters, combined with connections to offshore wind farms in neighbouring countries, could increase electricity generation while reducing costs per kilowatt-hour.

The proposed approach places cross-border coordination alongside domestic site designation and grid planning as Germany works towards its offshore wind expansion target.

Industry Calls for Contracts for Difference in Future Auctions

While welcoming the long-term planning framework, BWO has stressed that Germany’s offshore wind ambitions will also depend on investment conditions and regulatory certainty. The association argues that the ongoing amendment to the Offshore Wind Energy Act should introduce mechanisms that improve project financing and support investment decisions.

BWO is calling for indexed, two-sided Contracts for Difference (CfDs) to be used in all future offshore wind auctions instead of a two-stage model.

Stefan Thimm, Managing Director of BWO, said the preliminary draft provides a long-term outlook for offshore wind development, while emphasising the need for political and regulatory conditions that enable planned sites to translate into investment.

Contracts for Difference can help reduce revenue uncertainty by linking payments to an agreed reference price. BWO’s proposal reflects its position that the future auction framework should provide greater predictability for offshore wind investments.

BWO Questions a Uniform Overbuilding Requirement

The association has also raised concerns about a proposed uniform requirement for offshore wind farms to install generation capacity 10% above their grid connection capacity.

Overbuilding allows a wind farm’s installed capacity to exceed the maximum power its grid connection can transmit. Although this can increase the use of grid infrastructure when generation is below the connection limit, it may also raise investment costs and lead to additional curtailment during periods of high wind generation.

A study by Frontier Economics, commissioned by BWO and BDEW, found that the economically optimal level of overbuilding ranges from 5% to 10%, depending on site-specific conditions.

On this basis, BWO supports setting individual requirements for each offshore wind site rather than applying a uniform percentage across all projects. The association argues that site-specific assessments would better reflect differences in project conditions and economics.

Grid Development Must Align With Offshore Wind Construction

Coordinating offshore wind construction with the availability of grid connections remains another planning priority. BWO has emphasised that the development sequence for projects scheduled to enter operation by 2038 should support a steady expansion aligned with grid infrastructure timelines.

The association has also welcomed the draft’s integrated approach to extending the operating life of existing offshore wind farms and planning the future reuse of their sites.

BWO is calling for grid connections to remain available until decommissioning activities have been completed. It also wants dismantling work and subsequent construction plans to be coordinated sufficiently in advance.

These issues form part of the wider challenge of aligning offshore wind development, electricity transmission and the management of existing infrastructure as Germany plans for additional capacity.

Consultation Will Inform the Updated Site Development Plan

BWO plans to review the preliminary draft’s detailed provisions with its member companies during the public consultation period before submitting its comments in early December.

The consultation provides an opportunity for stakeholders to respond to proposed offshore wind areas, environmental assessment requirements, grid coordination and other planning provisions before the updated plan is finalised.

Until the revised Site Development Plan is formally adopted, the 2025 plan, as most recently amended, will remain in force.

The preliminary draft sets out a pathway towards Germany’s target of 70 GW of offshore wind capacity by 2045. Its implementation will depend on the final planning framework, investment conditions, grid infrastructure development and coordination between national and cross-border projects.

Under the agreement, Enery will provide Coca-Cola HBC Bulgaria with locally generated renewable electricity annually, based on a fixed solar generation profile.

The contract marks the second corporate PPA for the Knizhovnik facility, highlighting the role of hybrid renewable energy projects combining solar generation and battery storage in meeting the energy requirements of major commercial and industrial consumers.

Enery’s first agreement for the plant was a 15-year deal with Teva Pharmaceuticals. According to the company, that agreement was the first photovoltaic and battery storage PPA in Central and Eastern Europe.

Knizhovnik Hybrid Plant Targets 200 GWh in Annual Output

Located near Haskovo in southern Bulgaria, the Knizhovnik hybrid power plant combines a photovoltaic system with 122 MW of peak capacity and two battery energy storage systems (BESS), rated at 70 MWh and 130 MWh.

Enery estimates that the facility will generate 200 GWh of electricity annually, equivalent to the yearly electricity consumption of almost 50,000 households in Bulgaria.

“Long-term PPAs create lasting value when they bring together competitive energy sourcing, long-term predictability and measurable decarbonization progress. Coca-Cola HBC Bulgaria EAD has demonstrated a strong leadership in reducing its operational footprint, and we are proud to support that journey with locally generated renewable electricity. What makes Knizhovnik truly stand out is its innovative commercial design: by co-locating utility-scale solar with BESS and layering multi-offtaker structures, we optimize portfolio generation, capture flexibility, and deliver tailored risk-managed energy solutions to diverse corporate partners,” said Enery’s Chief Commercial Officer Severin Vartigov.

PPA Announcement Coincides With Plant Commissioning

Knizhovnik is Enery’s second hybrid power plant in Bulgaria. The company is also developing a solar and battery storage facility in Ogrezeni, Romania, which is expected to become Europe’s largest of its kind.

Enery has a portfolio of 2 GW of capacity under construction and in operation, generating 1.1 TWh of electricity annually. Its project pipeline across 10 countries in Central and Eastern Europe totals nearly 10 GW. The company also manages 8.5 GWh of third-party battery storage capacity.

The agreement supports Coca-Cola HBC’s broader commitment to reducing emissions across its operations and value chain, with a target of achieving net-zero emissions by 2040.

Among the newly accredited developments is the Deploy project, which plans to build a 180 MW integrated power station in the Polish municipality of Gubin, situated directly on the border with Germany. The facility is expected to feature a wind farm and solar installations, with the generated electricity intended for conversion into heat. This thermal energy will be supplied to industrial offtakers in the German city of Guben and will also play a pivotal role in the decarbonization of the city’s district heating network. Project leaders are currently conducting design and feasibility studies, with a final investment decision anticipated by mid-2028. According to the current timeline, construction is set to begin in January 2029, leading to the planned commissioning in January 2030.

Furthermore, the Commission accredited an onshore wind development between Ukraine and Romania, alongside a joint heating network project linking Simbach, Germany, and Braunau, Austria. The latter involves a 5 MW heat pump and a 15 MW geothermal borehole. These additions bring the total number of recognized cross-border renewable energy projects to 15. This latest round of applications, which opened in June, marks the final call for proposals under the current 2021–2027 Multiannual Financial Framework. Other previously accredited efforts include the Medlink project, a 10 GW partnership involving Italy, Algeria, and Tunisia that received priority status in September 2025.

The pilot turbine, developed by engineering firm GICON, is expected to begin operating with a capacity of 3.8MW. Future versions of the system are planned to exceed 7MW. At the same rotor size, the 365-metre structure could produce approximately twice as much electricity as turbines positioned at lower elevations.

The project represents a significant departure from conventional land-based wind turbines, which typically stand between 60 and 120 metres tall. Standard construction methods were therefore unsuitable for the project.

Engineers used a specialised strand jack system to raise the turbine’s inner tower to its final height. The structure was lifted through a surrounding lattice framework before being secured in its extended position. The remaining high-altitude construction work is expected to take several more days, with official commissioning planned for November.

Dr Jochen Großmann, founder of GICON, said in translated comments: “What was long a challenging concept and then an equally challenging construction project now stands as a globally unique facility in Schipkau.”

Following completion of the pilot plant, GICON has begun preparations to scale the technology, with the longer-term objective of moving into mass production as quickly as possible.

Initial assessments by GICON indicate that Germany could retrofit as many as 4,000 high-altitude wind towers at existing wind farms. The structures could form a “second tier,” allowing established sites to increase electricity generation without relying on complex permitting procedures for new facilities on additional land.

The High-Altitude Wind approach is therefore being positioned as a way to expand output from existing wind farm locations by accessing stronger winds at greater heights.

At a total tip height of 365 metres, the turbine is taller than the 330-metre Eiffel Tower. It is now Germany’s second-tallest structure, behind Berlin’s Fernsehturm, or TV Tower, which reaches 368 metres.

The pilot project will provide the basis for assessing how the system can be expanded and potentially deployed across existing wind farms.

Italy’s nuclear energy law, sponsored by Environment and Energy Security Minister Gilberto Pichetto Fratin, delegates authority to the government to issue legislative decrees that will govern the nuclear sector comprehensively — covering the construction and operation of nuclear facilities, hydrogen production using nuclear energy, spent fuel and radioactive waste management, safety regulations, and the establishment of relevant regulatory bodies.

A Changing European Context

Italy’s decision unfolds against a notably different European backdrop compared to the time of its two referendums. Nuclear power currently accounts for approximately 23% of electricity generation across the European Union. The European Commission has progressively reinforced its support for nuclear energy’s contribution to decarbonisation, industrial competitiveness, and energy security — while leaving the final choice of energy mix to individual member states.

European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen underscored this stance in her State of the Union address on 16 September. “We have invested in our homegrown clean energies – renewables and nuclear,” she stated, stressing the need to accelerate the deployment of domestic low-carbon energy sources “be it renewables and nuclear, or biomethane and others,” under a “technologically neutral” approach, with the overarching goal of increasing Europe’s energy independence.

Following the bill’s passage, Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni described the outcome as “a courageous and common-sense choice” on social platform X, writing: “Today Parliament gave final approval to the nuclear law. After almost forty years, Italy once again has a regulatory framework for producing nuclear energy.”

Meloni linked the return to nuclear power to energy security and the growing electricity demand being driven by the expansion of data centres and artificial intelligence. She asserted that new nuclear technologies should provide “greater energy security, meaning less dependence on foreign countries and less exposure to international crises,” while complementing renewables with stable, low-emission power. “We are talking about next-generation technologies, not the old nuclear power plants,” she said.

Minister Pichetto Fratin, for his part, stated that the approval meant “Italy is taking a step towards the future.” He rejected the notion that the legislation signalled a simple return to past nuclear models, arguing that next-generation technologies, integrated with renewable energy, could contribute to energy security and the goal of achieving climate neutrality by 2050. He also highlighted the expertise retained by Italian companies, which have continued to operate internationally in the nuclear sector despite Italy’s domestic withdrawal from nuclear power generation. “Sustainable nuclear power is a concrete opportunity, not a closed chapter,” the minister said. He described the delegation bill as both “a milestone and a new starting point.”

What Italy’s Nuclear Energy Law Actually Covers

At the heart of the legislation is the establishment of a National Programme for the development of sustainable nuclear energy production and use, including nuclear fusion. The implementing decrees will regulate every phase in the life cycle of nuclear facilities — from experimentation, siting, construction, installation, and operation through to decommissioning and dismantling.

The law’s scope also encompasses nuclear fuel management and reprocessing, the temporary storage and final disposal of radioactive waste and spent fuel, scientific research, skills development, and the reorganisation of governance and regulatory oversight.

Particular emphasis is placed on next-generation technologies. The implementing decrees will determine which types of reactors may be authorised, in line with the principle of technological neutrality and EU legislation. This includes modular technologies such as Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) and more advanced systems such as Advanced Modular Reactors (AMRs).

Beyond electricity, the legislation also envisages the use of nuclear energy for hydrogen and heat production and in the naval and maritime sectors, alongside continued investment in nuclear fusion research. Crucially, the law does not, in itself, authorise the immediate construction of any new nuclear power plants. The government has 12 months from the law’s entry into force to adopt one or more implementing decrees.

Financing Framework and Private Investment

The law does not directly allocate funding for the construction of future nuclear plants. Instead, it aims to create the regulatory and financial conditions necessary to attract private capital, including through public-private partnerships.

Potential instruments include Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), long-term electricity supply contracts, and two-way Contracts for Difference (CfDs), under which a reference price is guaranteed. If the market price falls below a set level, the support mechanism covers the gap; if it rises above that level, the producer repays the surplus. Ring-fenced resources, financed through revenues from electricity sales, are also expected to cover future decommissioning and radioactive waste management costs. Any public support mechanisms will need to comply with EU rules and, where required, receive European Commission approval.

Safety, Siting, and the Radioactive Waste Question

The law provides for a reorganisation of existing nuclear regulatory bodies, with the possibility of establishing an independent administrative authority for nuclear safety. Many of the relevant responsibilities are currently held by Italy’s National Inspectorate for Nuclear Safety and Radiation Protection (ISIN).

The politically sensitive matter of where new plants could be built remains unresolved. The legislation provides for the involvement of affected communities and measures to benefit host territories, alongside the possibility for areas to volunteer as sites, subject to the relevant environmental assessment procedures.

Underlying these discussions is the still-unresolved issue of Italy’s National Repository for radioactive waste. The country’s former nuclear power plants remain under decommissioning, while a site for the permanent disposal of low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste — and temporary storage of high-level waste — has yet to be built.

Industry Backs the Move

Italy’s main employers’ federation, Confindustria, welcomed Parliament’s approval. Vice-President Aurelio Regina, responsible for energy matters, described the vote as “a historic turning point for the country’s future and for strengthening the national energy mix.” Confindustria noted that nuclear power accounts for around 10% of global electricity generation and 23% of EU electricity production.

The federation also noted that more than 70 Italian companies already operate within the nuclear supply chain, spanning reactor design, component manufacturing, and plant maintenance. According to Regina, a national nuclear programme could generate around 117,000 new jobs and produce an annual economic impact exceeding €50 billion.

Opposition and Environmental Groups Push Back

Opposition parties and non-governmental organisations have taken sharply critical positions, focusing above all on the absence of clearly defined costs, timelines, and funding mechanisms.

Democratic Party senator and party secretary Nicola Irto stated: “What the government presents as the beginning of a new energy era is, in practice, an extremely broad delegation that postpones the essential decisions until tomorrow.” He argued that “there are no costs, no timelines, no funding,” effectively asking Parliament to cast “a vote in the dark.” Irto further stressed that the law “does not build a single power plant, does not produce even one kilowatt-hour and does not reduce a family’s electricity bill by a single euro,” while questioning who will ultimately finance the required investment. He also pointed to the unfinished decommissioning of Italy’s old nuclear facilities and the failure to establish the National Repository.

Five Star Movement member and Chamber of Deputies Vice-President Sergio Costa argued that the legislation sets out “no plant, no certain cost and no credible date.” He challenged the government’s focus on SMRs, noting that Small Modular Reactors are not yet being produced on a commercial scale, and raised again the unresolved radioactive waste question. “Before thinking about producing new waste, Minister Pichetto Fratin should come to Parliament and explain where he intends to put the waste we already have at home,” Costa said.

Angelo Bonelli, co-spokesperson for Green Europe, described the return to nuclear energy as “economic madness” and called on the government to disclose the programme’s costs and financing arrangements. Bonelli argued that SMRs cannot provide a short-term answer to high energy prices and that investment should instead be directed towards renewables, electricity grids, and storage.

A joint statement by Greenpeace Italy, Legambiente, WWF Italy, and Kyoto Club contended that the nuclear technology available today is “almost the same as that available 15 years ago,” when Italians rejected nuclear power for the second time in a referendum. The environmental organisations also criticised the bill’s reference to technological neutrality within the nuclear sector, arguing it grants the executive excessively broad discretion. They further contested the bill’s references to modular reactors — not yet commercially available at scale — as a “rhetorical device,” and disputed the argument that smaller reactors are necessarily cleaner, pointing to studies raising concerns about waste generation, costs, and safety.

The political and regulatory focus will now shift to the implementing decrees. These will determine which technologies may be authorised, the procedures for selecting sites, the safety and oversight regime, radioactive waste management, and the economic model through which sustainable nuclear power in Italy could ultimately be financed and delivered.

Under the approved framework, Germany’s transmission system operators (TSOs) will procure necessary capacity through competitive auctions to meet national reliability standards. The mechanism is technology-neutral, opening participation to existing and new capacity across power generation, storage, and demand response sectors. Contracts within the scheme can extend up to 15 years, with the first delivery set for 2031. For resources located in other EU member states, eligibility is extended to those with direct electricity network connections to Germany, except for initial tenders reserved for domestic capacity.

Climate Neutrality and Hydrogen Readiness Requirements

The electricity capacity mechanism integrates strict environmental criteria to align with broader climate objectives. Any capacity receiving a 15-year contract must operate on a climate-neutral basis by 2045 at the latest. Furthermore, new gas-fired power plants applying for long-term contracts are required to be hydrogen-ready, enabling a future fuel switch to reduce long-term fossil fuel dependence. Germany also intends to launch separate decarbonization tenders to support the conversion of parts of its existing gas-fired fleet to hydrogen, utilizing financial support to facilitate the transition.

Tender Volumes and Projected Economic Impact

The initial round of auctions is scheduled for 2026, focusing on securing additional long-term domestic capacity. A total of 9GW of new capacity will be released across two 4.5GW tender rounds in 2026, targeting systems capable of operating at full nominal output for at least 10 consecutive hours. Subsequent technology-neutral auctions are planned for 2027 and 2029. According to European Commission estimates, the scheme will cost between €1 billion and €3 billion in 2031, with annual costs projected to range from €0.9 billion to €2.3 billion through 2045. By providing these tools for managing security of supply, policymakers aim to create a reliable market for dispatchable power and flexible technologies as conventional generation is phased out.

The PPA between Fortum and Google will commence in 2028 with a reduced capacity allocation, scaling up to cover 50% of the Loviisa plant’s output during the years 2030 through 2049. The deal is structured to span the life extension period of the Loviisa facility and is expected to generate a predictable revenue stream that will enable Fortum to complete the substantial investments required to keep the plant operational well into the next decade.

The agreement also opens the door to a new 10 MWe capacity increase at the plant. Loviisa already has a 38 MWe capacity increase currently under way, which is expected to reach completion in 2028.

About the Loviisa Nuclear Power Plant

Loviisa, located in southern Finland, comprises two VVER-440 type pressurised water reactors and holds the distinction of being Finland’s first nuclear power plant. Unit 1 entered commercial operation in 1977, followed by Unit 2 in 1981. Together, the two units currently supply more than 10% of Finland’s total electricity.

In February 2023, the Finnish government granted Fortum an extension to the operating licence for both units, permitting the plant to continue generating power through the end of 2050. Fortum has since launched an investment programme of approximately EUR 1 billion aimed at extending Loviisa’s operational life to meet that deadline.

At present, around 80% of the projects needed for the service life extension — representing approximately EUR 700 million in investments — still lack a final investment decision. Fortum has stated clearly that without these investments, the plant would not be able to continue producing fossil-free electricity beyond 2030.

“Without significant investments in its lifetime extension, the plant would not be able to continue producing fossil-free electricity after 2030,” Fortum said. “Keeping it in operation for the coming decades will help stabilise electricity prices and support the long-term resilience of the Finnish electricity grid.”

Google’s EUR 13 Billion Finland Investment

The nuclear power deal comes alongside Google’s announcement of plans to invest EUR 13 billion (approximately USD 15 billion) in data centres and supporting infrastructure across Finland over the next two years, spanning 2027 and 2028. The investment includes partnerships in Hamina, Muhos, Vaala, and Kajaani.

Fortum CEO Markus Rauramo commented on the broader significance of the agreement: “Finland has a unique opportunity to build the next wave of sustainable growth and industrialisation from its low-carbon and reliable electricity system. A key enabler for this growth are long-term partnerships, such as the one we have sealed today between Fortum and Google. The importance of partnerships is highlighted in the current uncertain market environment, characterised by low visibility and highly volatile electricity prices. They bring the predictability required for investments in new, low-carbon electricity generation capacity, strengthening energy security, and digital and industrial infrastructure, and create jobs, innovation and prosperity for Finland. In addition, our collaboration with Google creates a strong foundation for the continued development and reliable operation of our Loviisa power plant in the coming decades.”

Google’s Position on Clean Energy in Finland

Google confirmed its commitment to supporting the plant’s continued role in Finland’s energy landscape: “Keeping this clean energy asset online will help to safeguard access to reliable, affordable electricity for Finland’s households, businesses, and industrial users alike. We’ll also work with Fortum to identify potential opportunities to develop new nuclear reactors at Loviisa.”

Aris Karcanias, Head of Energy, EMEA at Google, elaborated on the company’s approach: “We are proud to have called Finland home for the past 15 years. As we expand our operations in Finland, it is critical that we work with local energy partners like Fortum to increase our understanding of what the grid needs and invest in energy solutions that deliver long-term resilience and affordability for all electricity users. By supporting the extension of the Loviisa power plant’s lifespan, we are doing our part to preserve a critical energy source in the electricity grid. The plant is located close to our Hamina data centre, where we established roots when we came to Finland. As we grow, we are working with Fortum and other partners to bring new renewable energy generation capacity and flexible solutions to the Finnish electricity system. Our goal is to be a pioneer in how AI is responsibly integrated into European energy systems.”

Beyond the power purchase agreement, Google and Fortum have also signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to deepen collaboration in support of the growth of both companies in Finland and to bring additional electricity generation capacity to the country. The MoU focuses on the development of new nuclear power, renewable energy, and flexible energy solutions. Its stated aim is to ensure that as demand for AI services grows, new low-carbon generation is deployed to support the long-term electricity supply of Finnish consumers and businesses.

In a further step, the two companies have signed a Letter of Intent to promote new power generation and flexible capacity within Finland. As an initial measure under this arrangement, Fortum has signed an agreement with Google to optimise the battery storage system to be installed at Google’s Kajaani data centre. The new battery system carries a capacity of 94 MW, and Google has agreed to deliver it through a subcontractor.

New Nuclear Development Under Consideration

Fortum noted in its study on new nuclear power that potential investments in new nuclear capacity and long-term financial viability require strong customer demand secured by power purchase agreements, strategic investors and partners, an efficient financing and risk-sharing model, and robust project implementation.

“Google and Fortum are investigating business models that could improve the competitiveness of the new nuclear power project in Loviisa. In addition, the companies are investigating the suitability of Fortum’s land areas with network connections for Google’s future data centre needs,” Fortum said.

This clean energy Finland partnership represents a convergence of growing digital infrastructure demands and the need for reliable, low-carbon electricity generation, with the Fortum Loviisa facility positioned at the centre of that alignment.

Record Achievements Across Wind and Solar Sectors

Wind power remained the largest single contributor to clean power in the country, delivering a record 29.5% (86.4 TWh) of overall output, compared to 29.2% (83.6 TWh) in 2024. Wind assets accounted for 56.5% of all green power produced during the year. Within this category, offshore wind set an all-time annual high by producing 17.7% (52 TWh) of total power, up from 17.1% (48.8 TWh) in 2024. DUKES noted that this volume is roughly triple the level recorded ten years ago, with offshore wind representing 60% of all wind generation and 34% of overall clean output due to stronger coastal winds and higher turbine efficiency. Onshore wind contributed 11.7% (34.4 TWh), compared to 12.2% (34.8 TWh) in the previous year.

Simultaneously, solar generation reached a record 6.9% (20.1 TWh) of national power, a notable rise from 5.2% (15 TWh) in 2024, driven by expanded capacity and higher-than-average sunshine hours. In contrast, fossil fuels produced 94.9 TWh (32.3% of the total), with gas generating 93.2 TWh (31.75%) following the complete phase-out of coal in 2024. Nuclear power declined 12% to 35.9 TWh (12.2% of the mix) due to plant decommissionings and maintenance outages across ageing facilities. However, total low-carbon sources, combining renewables and nuclear, supplied 64.3% of the grid in 2025.

Industry Impact and Strategic Sector Outlook

The expansion of UK renewable energy demonstrates how clean power continues to displace traditional thermal generation across the grid network. Commenting on the official statistics, RenewableUK CEO Tara Singh stated:

“It’s great to see that renewables have generated over half the UK’s electricity for the second year running, outperforming fossil fuels significantly, and proving once more that clean power is right at the heart of our modern energy system, consistently providing most of the electricity we need to keep British homes and businesses up and running.

“It’s good news for billpayers struggling with the cost of living too, as every wind farm we build pushes the most expensive gas generators off the system. In 2025, wind reduced wholesale electricity prices by 31% by cutting the need for gas-fired power plants. Renewables also enable us to move faster on the electrification of heat and transport to cut bills by reducing the use of costly fossil fuels.

“We can build on today’s milestone by attracting record levels of investment in new wind and solar projects in this year’s clean energy auction which opened this month. We secured a record-breaking amount of offshore wind in the last round which will bring over £30 billion in private investment to the UK, and it’s essential that we continue to procure good value renewables. The last auction showed onshore wind is half the cost of new gas plants and offshore wind is 40% cheaper. Double the amount of offshore capacity that won contracts in the last round eligible to bid in this one, which will ensure that bids will be priced as low as possible due to the intense level of competition. We’re looking forward to the Government announcing the budget soon, and hope that it will be set at a level which maximises the amount of low-cost power we can deliver, as we continue to strengthen the UK’s energy security year on year”.

The continued momentum in solar generation and wind infrastructure positions the sector for upcoming investment cycles as competitive bidding rounds proceed. The latest DUKES report confirms that increased capacity and favorable atmospheric conditions remain key drivers for ongoing electricity generation benchmarks.

Advancing Renewable Fuel Technology Offshore

The initiative successfully couples offshore renewable electricity with specialized electrolysis technology directly aboard an operational industrial platform. By producing clean fuel directly at sea, the facility demonstrates how existing offshore platform assets can be reconfigured to facilitate sustainable hydrogen production without requiring entirely new infrastructure.

This effort aligns with broader regional strategies in the Netherlands and throughout Europe to integrate green hydrogen into offshore wind operations. Generating zero-emission energy on site helps streamline transport logistics and maximizes the direct consumption of power generated by offshore wind farms operating in nearby waters.

Infrastructure Optimization and Operational Viability

The operational North Sea site highlights the technical viability of adapting legacy marine installations for clean energy projects. Utilizing established offshore platform infrastructure allows operators to explore direct connections with existing subsea pipelines, reducing the need for costly new transmission systems.

Industry observers note that the initiative showcases how products & technology can be scaled in harsh marine environments. The ongoing operation of the facility provides valuable empirical evidence regarding efficiency, durability, and operational safety for hydrogen production systems deployed at sea.

Strategic Role in the European Clean Energy Sector

As trial operations proceed off the coast of the Netherlands, data collected from the site will assist energy planners and technology developers in refining future commercial projects. The successful project reinforces the critical role that offshore wind and green hydrogen production will play in the ongoing transformation of Europe’s industrial energy sector.

Through this project, the Netherlands continues to serve as a testing ground for integrated clean energy solutions, paving the way for wider adoption across European waters.